Saturday, 9 November 2019

PERSONALITY DISORDERS

For this test, I will be using the classification from Mayo Clinic.

I did give a definition of personality disorder already in my previous post, but we can always add one more.

Mayo Clinic defines personality disorders as a type of mental disorder in which you have a rigid and unhealthy pattern of thinking, functioning and behaving. A person with a personality disorder has trouble perceiving and relating to situations and people. This causes significant problems and limitations in relationships, social activities, work and school.

There are three clusters and each cluster contains disorders with similar characteristics and symptoms. I will list all the clusters, their respective group of disorders and the characteristics of each disorders.

What you have to do, which I will be doing do is:
- Write down the cluster.
- Write the name of the disorder.
- Write whether you fit into any description.
- If you fit into any description, write down which one or ones.

Now, personality disorders are considered a serious medical condition. They are not to be taken lightly, so do not try to diagnose yourself or anybody else based on the results of this test. This is just for you to know if you engage in behaviours that could pose a discomfort for you or for other people and to pay particular attention to them. If you are worried about your results, seek the opinion of a psychologist. Do not diagnose yourself. It is as bad and dangerous as trying to use Google to diagnose an ailment.

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CLUSTER A PERSONALITY DISORDERS

Cluster A personality disorders are characterised by odd, eccentric thinking or behaviour. They include paranoid personality disorder, schizoid personality disorder and schizotypal personality disorder.

PARANOID PERSONALITY DISORDER
- Pervasive distrust and suspicion of others and their motives
- Unjustified belief that others are trying to harm or deceive you
- Unjustified suspicion of the loyalty or trustworthiness of others
- Hesitancy to confide in others due to unreasonable fear that others will use the information against you
- Perception of innocent remarks or nonthreatening situations as personal insults or attacks
- Angry or hostile reaction to perceived slights or insults
- Tendency to hold grudges
- Unjustified, recurrent suspicion that spouse or sexual partner is unfaithful

SCHIZOID PERSONALITY DISORDER
- Lack of interest in social or personal relationships, preferring to be alone
- Limited range of emotional expression
- Inability to take pleasure in most activities
- Inability to pick up normal social cues
- Appearance of being cold or indifferent to others
- Little or no interest in having sex with another person

SCHIZOTYPAL PERSONALITY PERSONALITY
- Peculiar dress, thinking, beliefs, speech or behaviour
- Odd perceptual experiences, such as hearing a voice whisper your name
- Flat emotions or inappropriate emotional responses
- Social anxiety and a lack of or discomfort with close relationships
- Indifferent, inappropriate or suspicious response to others
"Magical thinking" — believing you can influence people and events with your thoughts
- Belief that certain casual incidents or events have hidden messages meant only for you.

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CLUSTER B PERSONALITY DISORDERS

Cluster B personality disorders are characterised by dramatic, overly emotional or unpredictable thinking or behaviour. They include antisocial personality disorder, borderline personality disorder, histrionic personality disorder and narcissistic personality disorder.

ANTISOCIAL PERSONALITY DISORDER
- Disregard for others' needs or feelings
- Persistent lying, stealing, using aliases, conning others
- Recurring problems with the law
- Repeated violation of the rights of others
- Aggressive, often violent behaviour
- Disregard for the safety of self or others
- Impulsive behaviour
- Consistently irresponsible
- Lack of remorse for behaviour

BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER
- Impulsive and risky behaviour, such as having unsafe sex, gambling or binge eating
- Unstable or fragile self-image
- Unstable and intense relationships
- Up and down moods, often as a reaction to interpersonal stress
- Suicidal behaviour or threats of self-injury
- Intense fear of being alone or abandoned
- Ongoing feelings of emptiness
- Frequent, intense displays of anger
- Stress-related paranoia that comes and goes

HISTRIONIC PERSONALITY DISORDER
- Constantly seeking attention
- Excessively emotional, dramatic or sexually provocative to gain attention
- Speaks dramatically with strong opinions, but few facts or details to back them up
- Easily influenced by others
- Shallow, rapidly changing emotions
- Excessive concern with physical appearance
- Thinks relationships with others are closer than they really are.

NARCISSISTIC PERSONALITY DISORDER
- Belief that you're special and more important than others
- Fantasies about power, success and attractiveness
- Failure to recognise others' needs and feelings
- Exaggeration of achievements or talents
- Expectation of constant praise and admiration
- Arrogance
- Unreasonable expectations of favours and advantages, often taking advantage of others
- Envy of others or belief that others envy you.

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CLUSTER C PERSONALITY DISORDERS

Cluster C personality disorders are characterised by anxious, fearful thinking or behaviour. They include avoidant personality disorder, dependent personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.

AVOIDANT PERSONALITY DISORDER
- Too sensitive to criticism or rejection
- Feeling inadequate, inferior or unattractive
- Avoidance of work activities that require interpersonal contact
- Socially inhibited, timid and isolated, avoiding new activities or meeting strangers
- Extreme shyness in social situations and personal relationships
- Fear of disapproval, embarrassment or ridicule

DEPENDENT PERSONALITY DISORDER
- Excessive dependence on others and feeling the need to be taken care of
- Submissive or clingy behaviour toward others
- Fear of having to provide self-care or fend for yourself if left alone
- Lack of self-confidence, requiring excessive advice and reassurance from others to make even small decisions
- Difficulty starting or doing projects on your own due to lack of self-confidence
- Difficulty disagreeing with others, fearing disapproval
- Tolerance of poor or abusive treatment, even when other options are available
- Urgent need to start a new relationship when a close one has ended.

OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE PERSONALITY DISORDER
- Preoccupation with details, orderliness and rules
- Extreme perfectionism, resulting in dysfunction and distress when perfection is not achieved, such as feeling unable to finish a project because you don't meet your own strict standards
- Desire to be in control of people, tasks and situations, and inability to delegate tasks
- Neglect of friends and enjoyable activities because of excessive commitment to work or a project
- Inability to discard broken or worthless objects
- Rigid and stubborn
- Inflexible about morality, ethics or values
- Tight, miserly control over budgeting and spending money

(Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder is not the same as obsessive-compulsive disorder, a type of anxiety disorder.)

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